By Steve Gorman
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) -NASA retiree turned private astronaut Peggy Whitson headed for splashdown in the Pacific early on Tuesday after her fifth trip to the International Space Station, joined by crewmates from India, Poland and Hungary returning from their countries’ first ISS mission.
A SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule carrying the foursome undocked from the space station early on Monday to begin a 22-hour descent to Earth, 18 days after arriving at the orbital laboratory.
If all goes as planned, the capsule will parachute into the Pacific off the California coast at 2:30 a.m. PDT (0930 GMT) following a fiery re-entry through Earth’s atmosphere.
The return flight concludes the fourth ISS mission organized by Texas-based startup Axiom Space in collaboration with billionaire Elon Musk’s California-headquartered private rocket venture Space X.
The Axiom-4 crew was led by Whitson, 65, who retired from NASA in 2018 after a pioneering career that included becoming the U.S. space agency’s first female chief astronaut and the first woman ever to command an ISS expedition.
Now director of human spaceflight for Axiom, she had logged 675 days in space, a U.S. record, during three previous NASA missions and a fourth flight to space as commander of the Axiom-2 crew in 2023. Her latest mission commanding Axiom-4 will extend her record by about three more weeks.
Rounding out the Axiom-4 crew were Shubhanshu Shukla, 39, of India, Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski, 41, of Poland, and Tibor Kapu, 33, of Hungary.
They are returning with a cargo of science samples from more than 60 microgravity experiments conducted aboard the ISS and due for shipment to researchers back on Earth for final analysis.
For India, Poland and Hungary, the launch marked the first human spaceflight of each country in more than 40 years and the first mission ever to send astronauts from their government’s respective space programs to the ISS.
The participation of Shukla, an Indian air force pilot, is seen by India’s space program as a precursor of sorts to the debut crewed mission of its Gaganyaan orbital spacecraft, planned for 2027.
Uznanski-Wisniewski is a Polish astronaut assigned to the European Space Agency, while Kapu is part of his country’s Hungarian to Orbit (HUNOR) program, though he is not the first person of Hungarian descent to board the space station.
Billionaire Charles Simonyi, a Hungarian-born software designer who became a U.S. citizen in 1982, has twice visited the ISS as a space tourist, in 2007 and 2009, hitching rides aboard Russian Soyuz capsules on both occasions.
But like many wealthy individuals from various countries who have paid their own way for joyrides to space, Simonyi was not flying on behalf of his homeland or any government.
Dubbed “Grace” by its crew, the newly commissioned capsule flown for Axiom-4 was launched from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral in Florida on June 25, making its debut as the fifth vehicle in SpaceX’s Crew Dragon fleet.
Axiom-4 also marks the 18th crewed spaceflight logged by SpaceX since 2020, when Musk’s rocket company ushered in a new NASA era by providing American astronauts their first rides to space from U.S. soil since the end of the space shuttle program nine years earlier.
For Axiom, a 9-year-old venture co-founded by NASA’s former ISS program manager, the mission builds on its business of putting astronauts sponsored by private companies and foreign governments into low-Earth orbit.
Axiom also is one of a handful of companies developing a commercial space station of its own intended to eventually replace the ISS, which NASA expects to retire around 2030.
(Reporting by Steve Gorman in Los Angeles; Editing by Jamie Freed)
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